Modal frequencies and modal shapes of a BIW ( body-in-white) reflect the inherent characteristics of an automotive body. They have an important influence on the interior noise. The car cavity also has modal frequencies and modal shapes. Acoustic modal test of a car cavity for a domestic SUV was performed with LMS data acquisition system. Firstly, the response points' signals were gained with a microphone array, and then the acoustic modal frequencies and modal shapes were extracted with PolyMAX method. The comparison between the acoustic modal frequencies and the test modal frequencies of the BIW showed that the first and the second acoustic modes of the car cavity are strongly coupled with the fourth and the tenth structural modes of the BIW. Finally, acoustic-structure coulpled resonance was verified through tests during the vehicle running. It was indicated that there are several ways to change the local modes of the automotive structure, such as, increasing the thickness- of the key components, adding damping layer in the roof and floor, and strengthening the roof with ribs and so on; these actions can destroy the strong coupling between the modes of the BIW and the acoustic modes of the car cavity, decrease the lower frequency boom in the automotive.%白车身的结构模态频率和模态振型反映了汽车车身结构的固有特性,对车内噪声有重要影响.车内空腔跟车身结构一样,同样拥有模态频率和模态振型.采用LMS数据采集系统对某国产SUV进行车内空腔声学模态试验.首先基于传声器阵列的方法获取响应点的信号,然后利用PolyMAX方法提取声学模态频率及振型.将声学模态频率与白车身结构模态频率进行对比分析,结果表明:车内空腔的第一、二阶声学模态分别跟白车身的第四、十阶结构模态有很强的耦合.最后通过实车测试验证了声固耦合共振时低频轰鸣的存在.可以在关键部件增加板厚、顶盖和地板附加阻尼层、顶盖加加强筋等方式改变车身结构的局部模态来破坏车身结构模态和声腔模态的强耦合状态,降低车内的低频轰鸣声.
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