液压冲击器零位负开口配油法油压脉冲特性研究

摘要

Due to the fact that high pressure oil can mix together with low pressure oil using underlappe d oil distributing valves widely used in domestic hydraulic impactors,the dynamic features of a hydraulic impactor with an overlapped oil distributing valve were studied and the optimal neutral position type valve was explored.According to the operating principle of hydraulic impactors and the transition principle of seam flow states, a nonlinear dynamic mathematical model was established,and combining with Stateflow to simulate a frequent reversing process,the dynamic simulation model of a hydraulic impactor was obtained.The working pressure and oil flow features of a hydraulic impactor with an overlapped oil distributing value were investigated.A test was designed and its results were analyzed.The test results agreed well with those of simulation.The effects of different negative neutral open values on the dynamic chaber pressure of hydraulic impactor were analyzed emphatically.The study results provided a reference for designing the optimal neutral position type value of hydraulic impactors.%针对国内液压冲击器普遍采用零位正开口配油阀而存在的高、低压油互混的问题，探究采用负开口配油时冲击器的动态特性，以寻求配油阀最佳的零位负开口型式。依据液压冲击机构的基本原理，结合流体缝隙流动时流态转变机理，建立动态非线性数学模型，并采用Stateflow模拟频繁换向过程，搭建了液压冲击器Simulink仿真模型，对采用零位负开口配油方式的液压冲击器工作压力和流量特性等进行了研究，并设计实验进行了实测分析，实验所得结论与仿真结果相符。在此过程中又着重分析了不同的零位负开口量对冲击器活塞腔室压力的影响，为液压冲击器零位负开口配油方式的设计提供了参考依据。