目的 了解安徽枞阳县内陆地区实施“改水改厕、以机代牛”血防项目后,当地血吸虫病的主要传染源情况.方法 通过对仪山内陆地区2002～2008年钉螺调查结果分析,对试区人群进行查病,了解人群血吸虫病感染情况,了解试区有螺环境野粪污染及野生动物感染情况.结果 试区2002～2008年均查到感染性钉螺,2007年和2008年感染性钉螺密度分别为0.0568只/0.11m2和0.0112只/0.11m2;2008年试区人群血吸虫病感染率0.24％,野粪调查狗粪阳性率6.89％,野鼠血吸虫感染率14.28％.结论 枞阳县仪山内陆地区在实施“改水改厕、以机代牛”血防项目后,消除了人及耕牛血吸虫病传染源,但其它传染源依然存在,其主要传染源可能是狗和野鼠,提示实施“三改”尚不能完全阻断血吸虫病流行,在内陆地区应力争消灭钉螺,同时也要减少其它传染源的污染.%Objective To understand the main infectious sources of schistosomiasis in inland area of ZongYang county after carrying out the program of safe treatment of night-soil and water supply, replacement of bovine with machine. Methods The snail distribution was surveyed from 2002 to 2008 in Yi Shan inland area, ZongYang county, the residents were examined with the methods of IHA and Kato -katz, the contamination of wild fecal in the environment of snail and the infection of wild animals were detected. Results The infected snail were found every year from 2002 to 2008 in the area, the density of infected snail was 0.0568 snail/0.11m2 and 0.0112 snail/0.11m2 in 2007 and 2008, respectively. The infection rate of people was 0.24% in 2008. The positive rate of wild fecal of dog was 6.89%, and the infection rate of wild mouse was 14.28%. Conclusion After carrying out the program of safe treatment of night-soil and water supply, replacement of bovine with machine, the function of the people and bovine as infectious sources of schistosomiasis was controlled in inland area, but there were other infectious sources existed, the dog and wild mouse may probably turn to be the main infectious sources. It suggested that the safe treatment of night-soil and water supply, replacement of bovine with machine program can not interrupt transmission of schistosomiasis, snail control measures should be taken at the same time in inland endemic areas.
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