公交线路车头时距特征分析及运行状态研究

摘要

公交线路是个看似简单但机理复杂的交通系统,诸多随机因素造成其运行的不稳定.线路系统的车头时距分布特征和运行状态规律受到公交车的车载容量、发车间隔和乘客到达率的影响.本文改进了以往的公交线路车头时距模型,用以研究公交车的车载容量、公交车的发车间隔和线路系统的乘客到达率三个因素对公交线路车头时距特征和运行状态的影响机制,得出了线路系统的状态相图及其相互演变过程.状态包含:规则态、过渡态、组对态及聚簇态.研究公交线路运行状态的划分及其演变规律,有利于更深刻地认识公交线路系统运行状态.%The bus route is a seemingly simple but complicated traffic system, and several random factors cause various time-headway patterns and operation state on the route. The time-headway is affected by vehicle capacity, departure interval and arrival rate of passengers. This paper incorporates vehicle capacity, departure interval and arrival rate of passengers into an improved time-headway model. Using the model, the phase diagram of bus route and mutual evolutionary process are identified and such four distinct states consist of regular state, transient state, pairing and clustering state, which gives a deeper understanding of the bus route system.