当前关于人群疏散的研究往往不涉及构成人群个体的行为差异,通过均质系统来模拟人群疏散过程.本文根据自我归类理论和适应水平理论将个人空间理论概念应用于人群拥挤环境,充分考虑个体本身具有以及在系统中所处的位置不同而导致的行为差异,建立基于行走路径的优化模型,研究运动过程中由于个体速度差异而导致的阻碍作用,以及由此造成的路径转换行为对系统的影响.将人群疏散过程中的路径转换行为抽象成优化问题,说明在合理规则下的路径转换对提高系统效率是有益的.%The current study of crowd evacuation barely involves the behavior of the individual differences and uses homogeneous system to simulate the crowd evacuation process. In this paper, based on the theory of self-classification and adaptation level, the personal space theory was applied to the crowded environment. We gave full consideration to the location and natural characteristics of pedestrians in the system, which resulted in the behavioral differences. An optimization model of path was established to analyze the individual speed difference caused by the blocking effect and the influence of path conversion behavior on the system. The transformations of path in the process of crowd evacuation have been abstracted into an optimization problem and proved that reasonable path transformations were beneficial to improving the efficiency of system.
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