ATIS 条件下出发时间选择对交通影响的仿真研究∗

摘要

为研究实时信息条件下驾驶人的不同出发时间选择行为对城市交通运行的影响,以描述型、定量型、预测型和指示型4种实时信息条件下驾驶人的出发时间选择行为为研究对象,采用 Vissim微观仿真法,对不同出发时间选择行为造成的交通拥堵改善情况进行分析。通过试凑法将交通流量输入实际道路网,实现调查方案中交通运行实时信息内容的定量化表达；通过模拟无信息和4种实时信息条件下驾驶人的不同出发时间选择行为,对比分析道路交通延误,判断交通运行情况。以南京市驾驶人出发时间选择行为为例进行仿真分析,结果表明提供实时信息条件下道路交通延误周期段数减少33％,交通延误时间段明显得以分散,Vissim 仿真能够很好地模拟微观出行行为带来的宏观交通影响。%To study the impacts of choice behavior of departure time on urban traffic operation under real-time pro-vision of traveler information through advanced traveler information systems (ATIS),taking drivers′choice behavior of different departure time as the target under 4 scenarios with different types of real-time information,which is descriptive, quantitative,forecasted and instructional information respectively.Vissim software is used to simulate and analyze the im-provement of traffic operation due to the choice behavior of different departure time.Using the trial and error method, traffic volume is used as an input to the simulation,in orderto ensure that the impact of different provision of real-time in-formation can be quantitatively expressed in the simulation experiments.By simulating choice behavior of different depar-ture time under the scenario without any real-time information and 4 above scenarios,the corresponding traffic delays are compared to evaluate their impact on traffic operation.Nanjing is taken as a case study for the simulation analysis.The re-sults show that the number of road segments with regular traffic delay decreases by 33% and the duration of traffic con-gestion decreases dramatically.It is found that Vissim can well simulate macroscopic traffic operation resulting from ag-gregated microscopic travel behavior.