交叉口绿闪信号行人过街行为模型

摘要

城市信号交叉口通过设置绿闪信号,在机动车获得通行权之前清空人行横道上的过街行人.为研究行人在此信号期间的过街行为,提出一种绿闪信号时行人过街运动模型.综合分析绿闪信号、周围过街行人、人行横道边界以及右转冲突车辆对行人过街的影响机理,基于社会力模型,建立绿闪后人行横道上行人过街行为模型,并根据实际调查所获得的人行横道尺寸、行人与车辆速度等数据,标定模型参数.基于模型仿真行人运动行为,产生行人分层现象以及与周围行人、冲突车辆避碰等行为,验证模型在宏观层面的有效性;对不同断面的仿真行人与实际过街行人的过街速率变化曲线进行拟合,拟合优度指标显示模型对人行横道前/后半段过街行人模拟精度分别为83% 和95%,验证了模型在微观层面的有效性.%Flashing green signal for pedestrians at signalized intersections is used to warn remaining pedestrians at crosswalks that their right of way is going to end and they should try to finish crossing before the vehicles at the crossing street are released.A model is proposed to study the behaviors of pedestrians during the flashing green phase.This paper analyzes the effects of the following factors on the crossing behavior of pedestrians,including flashing green signal,sur-rounding pedestrians,boundaries of crosswalks,and right-turning vehicles.Afterwards,a model for crossing behavior is developed based on the social force theory.Coefficients for this model are calibrated by using actual data including specifi-cations of crosswalks and speeds of pedestrians and crossing vehicles.Using the proposed model,the crossing behaviors of pedestrians are simulated.The performance of this model at the macroscopic level is validated by layering and collision avoidance behaviors with conflicting pedestrians and vehicles.By fitting the simulated changing rate of the crossing speed with the observed,the optimization indexes RNLof the first or second half of the crosswalks are 83% and 95% respective-ly,which validate the performance of the model at the microscopic level.