对文学历史的自觉认识，在这种自觉认识上，对过去作家群和众多的作品在文学史的流变中加以比较研究，给予他们各种不同的与之相适合的位置。这就是所谓对文学史的考察。与以魏建安时期作为自己文学理念时代的刘勰与钟嵘不同的是，沈约以西晋太康时期为自己诗史理想时代。在《宋书•谢灵运传论》中，沈约论述了东晋以降至刘宋时期的诗史论，给刘勰、钟嵘、裴子野、萧子显的诗史论以决定性的影响。可见，沈约在中国文学批评史上开始确立文学史的自觉，其意义十分深远。在西晋太康时期，即潘岳、陆机等文学的辞采和音调中，发现了与至今还保留古风的建安文学不同的特点，揭开了六朝新的一幕。%Based on a conscious cognition of literature history, through a comparative study of the writers and works of the past, various and proper positions can be given to these writers and works respectively. Such a method is the so-called historical investigation of literature. Different from Liu Xie and Pan Yue who took the period of Jianan as their ideal literature time, Shen Yue took Taikang period as his ideal time to manifest history of poems. In On the Biography of Xie Lingyun in The Book of Song(Songshu), Shen Yue expounded the historical discussions on poems, which had a decisive influence on those of Liu Xie, Zhong Rong, Pei Ziye, and Xiao Zixian. Shen Yue began to form a conscientiousness of the history of literature in the history of literature criticism in China. This advancement has a very profound significance. In the Taikang period, in the discourses and tones of the works by Pan Yue, Lu Ji and others, Shen Yue discovered a character different from that of Jian An literature which kept antiquity, and unfolded a new scene of Six Dynasties.
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