风冷冰箱和直冷冰吧贮藏龙井绿茶的效果比较

摘要

为探究采用风冷冰箱和直冷冰吧贮藏对龙井绿茶品质的影响,把茶叶分别存储于风冷冰箱的冷藏室和冷冻室、直冷冰吧的冷藏室和冷冻室等4种不同的贮藏环境中贮藏90、180、270、360 d时分别取样,通过生化成分含量测定及感官审评等分析比较不同贮藏条件对绿茶的存储效果.结果表明,整个贮藏期内,冷冻室对生化成分的存储效果优于冷藏室,其中风冷冰箱冷冻室能有效地保持茶叶低含水率,贮藏180 d时其含水率显著低于直冷冰吧(P<0.05),直冷冰吧冷冻室则对叶绿素、维生素 C、咖啡碱等含量保持效果较好,贮藏180 d时其维生素 C和咖啡碱含量显著高于风冷冰箱(P<0.05);在 0~180 d的贮藏期内,氨基酸、茶多酚、儿茶素均在风冷冰箱的冷冻室保留率高(均约为 95%),贮藏后期则在直冷冰吧的冷冻室保留率高,且贮藏结束时均与风冷冰箱差异显著(P<0.05).风冷冰箱有利于绿茶滋味和香气的保持,直冷冰吧有利于绿茶外形的保持,即不同贮藏条件对茶叶的感官分属性的影响不同.正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)结果表明,汤色、滋味、香气、咖啡碱和维生素 C 等品质指标在不同的贮藏方式间差异较大.结合两设备的特点可知,茶叶相对短期存储时可选择风冷冰箱,长期存储时则直冷冰吧更优.%The effects of frost-free refrigerator and direct-cooled ice bar on the storage quality of longjing green tea were explored. Teas were stored in the cold storage room and freezer room of the frost-free refrigerator and direct-cooled ice bar respectively, and the storage effects of the different storage conditions on green tea were compared by measuring the contents of biochemical components and sensory quality evaluation when the teas were stored for 90, 180, 270 and 360 days.#The results show that the storage effect on biochemical components in freezer room was better than that in cold storage room during the whole storage process and the freezer room of frost-free refrigerator could keep the lower water content, with the tea water content for 180 days significantly lower than that of the direct-cooled ice bar (P<0.05). The freezer room of direct-cooled ice bar was conducive to the maintenances of chlorophyll, vitamin C, caffeine, and the contents of vitamin C and caffeine when the tea was stored for 180 days. During the storage period of 180 days, the retention rates of amino acids, tea polyphenols, catechins were higher in the freezer room of the frost-free refrigerator (they were all around 95%). But the retention rates were higher in the freezing chamber of straight colder bar during the later stage of storage, and were significantly higher than those of the frost-free refrigerator (P<0.05). Frost-free refrigerator was conducive to maintaining the taste and aroma of green tea. While direct-cooled ice bar was conducive to maintaining the appearance of green tea, suggesting the effects of storage conditions on the organoleptic properties of tea are different. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that the quality indexes of liquor color, taste, aroma, caffeine and vitamin C were significantly different under different storage conditions. Combined with the characteristics of two devices, it can be seen that frost-free refrigerator is more suitable for short-term storage of tea, while direct-cooled ice bar is better for the long-term storage of tea.