“歌”、“诵”、“赋”辨——兼论“赋”的命名

摘要

＂Fu is to be recited instead of being sung＂ is a major approach to title ＂Fu＂ of the Han Dynasty.On the other hand,＂Ge＂,＂Song＂ and ＂Fu＂ do not carry exactly the same meaning.＂Ge＂ concerns music,which means it has tunes and melodies.＂Song＂ is similar to recitation of the modern times.＂Fu＂ and ＂Song＂ share the same feature of ＂non-singing＂,while they are different from each in that they are recited by different types of blind people.Originating from the ＂non-singing＂ recitation,the genre of ＂Fu＂ has its unique value in the Chinese literary history.%＂不歌而诵谓之赋＂是＂汉赋＂命名的一个重要来源,然而＂歌＂、＂诵＂、＂赋＂并非同义重复。＂歌＂是对乐歌的表达方式,它具有旋律和曲调;＂诵＂即今所谓朗诵;＂赋＂和＂诵＂的共同特征是＂不歌＂,其区别在于由不同的盲者朗读诗文。源于一种＂不歌＂的诵读方式,正好体现了＂赋＂作为一种文体在中国文学史上的价值。