[目的]了解初次产检的孕妇对乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染和母婴传播防治措施的相关知识的掌握情况.[方法]选择在2014年5月至8月在中山大学附属第三医院产科门诊初次产检的孕妇为调查对象,发放"乙肝病毒母婴传播知识的调查问卷",由调查对象匿名填写问卷后回收.调查这些孕妇对乙肝病毒感染和母婴传播相关知识的知晓率,及对HBV母婴传播防治措施的态度,并分析知识和态度的影响因素.采用方差分析、Logistic回归方法进行统计学分析.[结果]①共发放调查问卷500份,有效问卷的回收率为91.8%(459/500).②11项乙肝相关知识的题目总分为11分,受访者的平均得分为6.09± 3.29.对乙肝的并发症及母婴传播导致并发症风险增加的知晓率约50%;对乙肝疫苗的知晓率为65.3%;对乙肝传播途径包括通过血液传播、无保护的性行为传播、母婴传播、不安全的针头或尖锐物传播的知晓率分别为72.0%、48.9%、75.9%和66.3%.③6项对乙肝母婴传播防治措施态度的题目总分为6分,受访者的平均得分为3.84±1.50.80%以上的孕妇愿意在妊娠期筛查乙肝、新生儿注射乙肝疫苗;如果发生HBV感染,为了降低母婴传播,83.1%的孕妇愿意新生儿注射乙肝免疫球蛋白,仅有16.2%的孕妇愿意妊娠期接受药物治疗.④大学或大学以上教育程度是取得乙肝知识高分的独立影响因素(OR=5.96,95% CI:2.95~12.06).较高的教育程度是预测取得态度高分的独立影响因素,与初中或初中以下教育程度比较,高中和大学或大学以上教育程度的OR值分别为1.90(95% CI:1.01~3.55)和2.50(95% CI:1.44~4.33).[结论]虽然教育程度是影响受访者乙肝知识和对母婴阻断措施态度的独立因素,但初次产检孕妇对于乙肝相关知识的了解存在明显不足,需要继续加强乙肝相关知识的宣教.%[Objective]To investigate awareness of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection and its mother to child transmis-sion(MTCT)among pregnant women attending their first prenatal visit.[Methods]Pregnant women who attended their first prenatal visit to obstetrics outpatient department of the third affiliated hospital of SUN Yat-sen University from May to Aug. 2014,were invited to participate this survey.The self-administered questionnaire about mother to child transmission of HBV was completed anonymously.Data were collected and using ANOVA and logistic analysis to assess the awareness of hepatitis B and its MTCT,and attitudes towards prevention of MTCT of HBV,and to analyze the effective factors of knowledge and at-titudes.[Results]①Of the 500 questionnaires,the effective response rate was 91.8%(459/500).② The total knowledge score of 11 knowledge questions was 11,and the mean score of participants was 6.09 ± 3.29(M±SD). Only about 50% of participants were aware of the complications of hepatitis B and increasing these complications if caused by MTCT. 65.3% of participants knew hepatitis B vaccine.The awareness about modes of HBV transmission including through blood,unprotected sexual intercourse,MTCT and unsafe needles or sharps were 72.0%,48.9%,75.9% and 66.3%,respectively.③The total attitudes score of 6 attitudes questions was 6,and the mean score of participants was 3.84±1.50(M±SD).More than 80% of pregnant women were willing to be screened for hepatitis B,and let neonate receive HBV vaccine.If diagnosed with hepatitis B,83.1% of pregnant women were willing to let neonate receive hepatitis B immunoglobulin,however,only 16.2% would take drugs to prevent MTCT of HBV.④Education with college or higher level was the independent effective factors associat-ed with better knowledge scores(OR=5.96,95%CI:2.95~12.06).Higher education level was the independent effective fac-tor associated with better attitude scores;when compared with junior high or below,the OR values of senior high and college or higher were 1.90(95%CI:1.01~3.55)and 2.50(95%CI:1.43~4.33),respectively.[Conclusion]Although education level is an independent effective factor associated with knowledge of hepatitis B and attitude towards prevention of MTCT of HBV,lack of knowledge about hepatitis B is common among first prenatal-visiting pregnant women,and more education about hepatitis B is necessary.
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