With the rapid development of network information technology and the various forms of political participation, such as e-government,network public opinion,network voting,network political forum and advice-seeking from netizens on microblogs,the duality of network political participation has become increasingly prominent. It is mainly manifested in the coexistence of openness with bigotry,convenience with operability,virtuality with randomness,decentralization with control difficulty,and equality with inequality. Meanwhile,the duality of political participation has brought double effects on the de-velopment of China’s political culture. On the one hand,network political participation can cultivate a rational and moderate political attitude,thus help to promote socialization of political culture in China,bringing it into one with more civic participa-tion. On the other hand,irrational political participation hinders the formation of network political culture,and infiltration of the strong political culture impedes the development of mainstream political culture. Therefore,the author suggests a path to positive development of both network political participation and political culture.%随着网络信息技术的快速发展，网民通过电子政务、网络舆论、网络投票、网络政治性论坛、政治博客、微博问政等形式进行政治参与活动，网络政治参与的两重性日益凸显，主要表现为：开放性与盲从性、便捷性与可操作性、虚拟性与随意性、非中心化与难控性、平等性与不平等性并存。这给我国政治文化的发展带来了双重效应：一方面，网络政治参与能够培养网民理性的政治态度，从而推动我国政治社会化进程，推动政治文化向参与型和公民文化转变；另一方面，非理性的政治参与阻碍了网络政治文化的形成，强势政治文化的渗透冲击主流政治文化的发展。在此基础上，提出了网络政治参与和政治文化良性发展的路径选择。
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