针对前人在稠油开采过程中模型复杂，防砂对稠油开采带来的附加影响严重问题，展开了砾石充填防砂研究。建立了防砂井流动模式及产能预测模型。在常规套管射孔井的预测基础上，附加考虑了这些区域的流动阻力和表皮问题，形成了砾石充填油井的产能预测模型。对砾石层渗透率压降影响分析表明：炮眼砾石层压降随砾石渗透率的增大而降低，随着原油黏度的增高，炮眼压降增大，油井产能会大大降低，而原油黏度特别大的油井，会出现充填防砂后供液不足的情况。研究认为：选择适当尺寸的充填砾石，在防砂施工过程中避免砾石破碎，从而保持较高的渗透率，有利于充填防砂井获得较高的产能。对指导出砂井的稠油开发具有重要意义。%Aimed at the complex models in heavy oil performance history and its attached affections in sand control,the gravel pack mechanism is studied in this paper. The productivity predicting models and the flow model of the sand control well was established. Based on the conventional perforated casing productivity prediction,the regional flow drag force and skin factors were considered. The pressure loss mainly occurs in the perforations. The pressure drop is analyzed by case study,which proved that the permeability of the packed gravel,oil viscosity and perforation parameters are the key factors to affect the productivity of gravel-packed wells. Oil well productivity can be improved with high-density and big diameter hole perforating technology in the gravel-packed well in heavy oil reservoir.
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