农民工就业分化及其影响因素

摘要

利用2013年中国综合社会调查数据,运用Logistic计量模型研究了农民工的就业分化及其影响因素.研究发现:近60%的农民工从事雇员类工作;暂时性失业或返农农民工的比例达15.53%;自我雇佣类农民工占比为25.06%;男性农民工处于较高层级工作岗位的概率更大;受教育水平能够显著提升农民工进入高层级工作岗位的概率,是农民工职业层晋级的重要决定因素;家庭经济状况较好、居住在城市中心区域的农民工进入较高层级工作岗位的可能性更大;农民工的年龄与其职业层之间呈倒"U"型关系;影响农民工职业层晋级的因素会因代际、收入水平以及居住区域不同而存在差异.%Based on the comprehensive social survey data of China in 2013,this paper uses logistic mod-el to study migrant workers'employment differentiation and its influential factors.The study finds that, nearly 60% migrant workers are employees; The proportion of migrant workers who are temporarily un-employed or carry out farming accounts for 15.53%;the percentage of self-employed migrant workers is 25.06%;male migrant workers are more likely to take higher level jobs;education level can significantly increase the probability for migrant workers to take high-level jobs,and it's an important factor in up-grading migrant workers'occupation level;migrant workers,with better economic conditions,or living in urban centers have a greater probability of engaging in higher-level jobs;the age of migrant workers and their occupation level present an inverted"U"shape relationship;factors affecting the upgrading of mi-grant workers'occupation level are different in groups of inter-generations,income levels,and living ar-eas.