公益的内涵及其相关概念辨析

摘要

人们对 ＂公益＂一词并不陌生,但对 ＂公益＂究竟是什么并没有形成统一的认识与理解。从词源学和不同学科视角分析入手,认为公益是指公益主体 （ 个人或社会组织） 以非政府性形式进行的、具有非营利性、自觉自愿性和社会性的一切公共利益的活动和行为。公益与私人利益之和、国家利益、社会利益、慈善等相关概念有本质的区别与联系,对其进行辨析有助于更好理解公益的内涵和本质。%Public welfare is familiar to people, but what this phase means still remains discussable. Fromthe perspective of etymology and different disciplines, public welfare is considered to be the activities and behaviors through non- governmental forms by public bodies (personal or social organizations) which is non profit, voluntary and sociality. There are essential difference and relations between public welfare and private interests, national interests, social interests and philanthropy. To discriminate these concepts is helpful to understand the essence and connotation of public welfare.