This paper investigated the changes of oil and fat rancidity in silkworm pupae with storage time under different temperatures and humidity, and analyzed the rancidity effects caused by low quality pupae, silk reeling and post-reeling processing .The results showed that higher temperature and longer time resulted in more serious oil and fat rancidity during the storage of silkworm pupae. The best storage relative humidity is from 70 % to 80 % for maintaining lower oil rancidity. The low quality pupae affected oil and fat quality greatly. Silk reeling and post-reeling processing are also two essential factors affecting the quality of pupae oil and fat. Drying pupae within a short time can reduce the oil rancidity greatly for storage pupae in the summer and autumn season.%对不同温湿度储藏条件下蚕蛹油脂酸败随时间变化的情况,缫丝和后处理过程对蚕蛹油脂酸败的影响,以及不良蛹的蛹油酸败情况进行了研究.结果表明:时间越长,温度越高,蚕蛹酸败越严重；蚕蛹储藏的最佳相对湿度是70％～80％；不良蛹的油品低于正常蛹,缫丝过程对蛹油质量有较大的影响,在夏秋季高温期间,及时烘干缫丝蚕蛹可明显减少蛹油的酸败.
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