彩色丝的组成、微结构及品质指标分析

摘要

以遗传培育天然黄色丝、转基因茧荧光绿色丝两种彩色丝为对象,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等表征方法研究了其微观结构和氨基酸组成及聚集态结构,并对相应丝的品质指标、纱疵、力学性能、色牢度等进行了测试分析.结果表明:彩色丝与普通白厂丝的氨基酸组成及微观结构区别不大,其中转基因绿色丝结晶度和酪氨基酸含量稍高,而彩色丝品质指标和色牢度有较大的差异.生丝品质检测方法中的黑板检验方法不适用于彩色丝的检测,天然黄彩色丝品质已能满足日常的服装生产及服用要求,但尚不具备生产高档纺织品的特性,转基因彩色丝尚未达到生产应用的要求.%With two colorized silks-genetically bred natural yellow silk and transgenic cocoon fluorescent green silk as objects,this paper studies their microstructure,amino acid composition and aggregation structure with such characterization methods as scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray radiation (XRD) and conducts test analysis on the quality index,yarn faults,mechanical property and color fastness of the corresponding silk.The result shows that the amino acid composition and microstructure of colorized silk and ordinary white steam filature do not have a big difference.Transgenic green silk has a slightly higher degree of crystallinity and content of tyrosine,while the quality index and color fastness of colorized silk have a big difference.The blackboard test method in raw silk quality detection method doesn't apply to the detection of colorized silk.The quality of natural yellow silk meets the requirement for daily clothing production and wearing,but it doesn' t have the character for producing high-end textile.Transgenic colorized silk doesn't meet the requirement for production and application.