清代前中期，南疆城市发展比北疆城市缓慢。晚清时期，随着外国资本主义的渗入、新疆建省和清政府推行一系列改革，南疆城市获得了较大发展，呈现出以喀什、和阗为中心的南疆西南城市体系的雏形和以阿克苏为中心的南疆东北城市体系的雏形。民国时期，随着新疆人口的增加和经济的发展，南疆城市人口和城市空间也都有所扩大和变化，尤其是南疆东北部地区的城市变化较为突出。虽然南疆城市在此一时期有所发展，但数量仍然不多，人口规模和空间规模都普遍较小。制约南疆城市发展的因素，除了自然环境脆弱、经济不发达、交通运输落后外，社会动乱、政局变化以及民族、宗教等因素的制约也不可忽略。%In early and middle Qing dynasty, Southern Xinjiang developed slower than Northern Xin-jiang. In late Qing Dynasty, with the infiltration of foreign capitalism, the establishment of Xinjiang prov-ince, and a series of reform measures implemented by the Qing government, the southern Xinjiang cities obtained considerable development. Kashgar, Hetian and Aksu city become the centers of southern Xin-jiang’ s urban system. During the period of the Republic of China, with the increase of population in Xin-jiang and the development of economy, southern Xinjiang urban population and urban space were wid-ened and changed, especially in the northeast region of southern Xinjiang. Although the southern Xin-jiang city achieved a certain degree of development in this period, the cities are not of great number while population and spatial scale were generally small. There were other factors which hindered the urban de-velopment of cities in southern Xinjiang, such as natural geographical environment, undeveloped econo-my, inconvenient transportation, social turmoil, political change, ethnic and religious factors.
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