静水压力下纤维缠绕复合材料壳体耐压因子的优化设计

摘要

基于遗传算法和数值分析一体式优化平台,以设计压力因子为目标函数,结构失稳和材料静强度破坏为约束条件,纤维缠绕策略和铺层方式为变量,对静水压力作用下碳/环氧、硼/环氧和玻璃/环氧等三种复合材料壳体的耐压因子进行优化设计.结果表明,复合材料耐压壳体在深海环境下能够提供充足的正浮力;对于不同的复合材料,最大设计压力受限的因素有所不同,主要受限于结构失稳或材料强度破坏;纤维缠绕策略和铺层方式对设计压力因子具有显著影响.文中最后提出变厚度设计、复合材料肋骨等增强方式,旨在解决结构失稳或材料强度破坏对最大设计压力的限制,研究成果可为复合材料耐压壳体结构设计提供参考.%This paper presented an optimization design of composites pressure hull subjected to hy-drostatic pressure. An Optimization Platform was set up by interworking genetic algorithm and nu-merical analysis. The design pressure factor was considered as the objective function. Buckling and material failure were constraint conditions. Types of layup, fiber angle and ply number are optimized for Carbon/epoxy, Boron/epoxy and Glass/epoxy composites. The results revealed that the buckling pressure or the material failure pressure would restrict the design pressure for different kind of com-posites. Different types of layup impacted the design pressure factor significantly. Application of com-posite materials for deep-water pressure shell had more reserve buoyancy. Results of this study could provide a valuable reference for designers of underwater vehicles. And this paper suggests that new way of enhancement, such as variable thickness, composites ribs would be used to solve the conflict of buckling pressure and material failure pressure, and increase the smaller one to improve the de-sign pressure.