不同施肥量及养分配比对马铃薯和结球甘蓝产量及其硝酸盐含量的影响

摘要

To exam the effects to crop hoth of the fertilization rate and the ratio of major nutrients of N, P and K, a field experiment was conducted with potato and Brassica oleracea L. Var. Capitata L on a cinnamon soil of a vegetable garden in Shanxi. The results showed that the nitrate content in the edible part of the two crops reduced with P fertilization rates increasing. Chemical fertilization did not increase the nitrate contents when N was applied at 225 kg/hm2 with a N to P ratio of 1 : 1.15 for both crops, However, the optimum fertilization rate and the ratio of N to P in terms of the lowest fertilizer cost was different between potato andrnBrassica oleracea L. Var. Capitata L The study indicated that nitrate content of the vegetable product could be reduced with a rational fertilization rate and N—to—P ratio.%采用同时考虑施肥量及氮磷钾施用比例的试验方法,研究了氮磷钾肥料不同施用比例对马铃薯、结球甘蓝产量和硝酸盐含量的影响.结果表明,增加磷肥施用量不仅可降低马铃薯的硝酸盐含量,而且可有效提高马铃薯和结球甘蓝的单位面积产量,但马铃薯和结球甘蓝获得最高产量的施氮量和氮磷钾施用比例不同；马铃薯在施氮量225 kg/hm2、氮磷钾施肥比例1∶1.5∶1的条件下,与不施肥对照相比,并未显著增加其硝酸盐含量.在蔬菜生产中,通过合理调整施肥量和施肥比例可有效控制产品的硝酸盐含量.