现代中国文学研究“去政治化”管窥

摘要

20世纪80年代通过“拨乱反正”的除弊祛邪，将现代中国文学研究从极左政治化模式中拯救出来。然而，这种“去政治化”在带来正能量的同时，亦产生了值得关注的负效应，这主要体现在：文学史书写淡化或舍弃政治背景，或不写少写文学思想论争，或贬抑左翼文学与革命文学，或冷落现代文学的宏大叙事，或过分抬高与大时代无关或疏离主流政治的作家作品等。为纠正此偏颇，必须辩证地认识现代中国文学与各种政治形态的双层关系，即宏观上窥察政治生态或政治背景与现代中国多元文学系统形成和演变的因果关系，微观上透析不同政治意识与不同样态审美文本构成的深微关系。%Through“Putting wrongs to rights”during the 1980s,modern Chinese literature research was finally rescued from the ultra -left political pattern. However,while the“de -politicization”brought positive energy,notable negative effects were given birth to at the same time. And this is mainly embod-ied in:weakening or abandoning political background in the writing literary history;not writing or writing less ideological disputes in literature;depreciating the Left -wing and revolutionary literature,cold -shouldering the grand narrative of modern literature;or speaking too highly those writers and works which have nothing to do with this great era or alienate themselves from mainstream politics,and others. To rec-tify the bias,we must dialectically understand the double relationship between modern Chinese literature and all kinds of political forms,That is to say,we must understand,on a macro level,the causal rela-tionship between political ecology or background and the formation and evolution of the pluralistic systems on modern Chinese literature;and we must have an insight into the subtle relationship between different political ideologies and the texts of different aesthetic forms on a micro level.