Social network with kinship as its main part is an important feature of the traditional local com-munity in China. It can not only increase current income of rural households,but also alleviate poverty vulnerability. Empirical evidence shows that private lending has a significant effect in increasing house-hold income in the current period,but it cannot reduce poverty vulnerability significantly,indicating that it is difficult for short-term micro-credits to raise the wealth levels of rural households fundamentally. And it is estimated that the mediating effect of social networks on the development of rural income is about 10%. This suggests that the government can strengthen social networks to help rural families escape from poverty through private lending.%以亲缘关系为主体的社会网络作为传统乡土社会的重要特征，不仅能增加农户当期收入，而且对农村家庭的贫困脆弱性具有显著影响。实证表明，民间借贷对于增加农户当期收入具有较为显著的影响，但却无法显著降低农户家庭的贫困脆弱性，短期的用以弥补资金需求的小额借贷难以从根本上提升农户家庭的财富水平。社会网络通过民间借贷增加农户当期收入的中介效应比例大约在10%左右，可以通过适当扩展农户的社会网络促进民间借贷的发展，从而进一步提升农户的收入水平，降低农户家庭的贫困脆弱性。
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