Combining with the process of economic and social development in China, the history and development retrospective of occupational safety and health supervision system since 1949 were reviened and analyzed. The process was divided into four phases. And the problems and excellent experience in different phases were summarized , In view of the integration of occupational safety and health surveillance is not enough, the regulatory level not clear, the independence of law enforcement not strong on-site, and the frequency of law enforcement limited on-site in China, the following idea about improvement of it were put forward combined with the administrative reform trend of provincial counties. On the horizontal level, occupational safety supervision should be integrated with occupational health supervision, and law enforcement should be separated from affairs administration. On the vertical level, top-down vertical management system should be set up. We hope that the idea proposed could provide a good reference for the improvement of occupational safety and health supervision system in China.%结合我国经济社会发展历程,对新中国成立60年来职业安全健康监察体制的发展沿革分4个阶段进行回顾分析,总结存在的问题及值得借鉴的经验.针对我国职业安全健康监察工作融合度不够、监管层级不明确、现场监察执法工作独立性不强、现场执法频度有限等方面的不足,结合我国省直管县的行政体制改革趋势,提出建立横向层面上职业安全监察与职业健康监察相融合、监察执法与业务管理相分离,纵向层面上自上而下垂直管理的体制优化构想,以期能够为我国职业安全健康监察体制的完善提供一定的借鉴.
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