With the intensive research into global coupling relationships, ecological carrying capacity (ECC), seen as the crucial link between natural ecosystems and human systems, has gradually become an important tool for interdisciplinary research in ecology, resources science and environmental science, as well as for research on re-gional sustainable development. However, ECC research remains immature and lacks a complete theoretical sys-tem, as a result of many limiting factors and different space-time conditions. At present, Chinese and foreign studies focus on methods to evaluate ECC while neglecting to identify the internal driving mechanisms of ECC. In this arti-cle, based on the development and conceptualization of ECC, we introduce three evaluation methods for ECC:ecological footprint (EF), human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) and ecosystem services con-sumption (ESC). Furthermore, we illuminate research focuses and developmental directions for ECC with respect to driving mechanisms, threshold, comprehensive evaluation systems and coupling dynamic model of multi eco-logical factors, in order to provide a reference for future ECC research.%随着全球人地耦合关系的深入研究,生态承载力作为联系自然生态系统与人类系统的关键纽带逐渐成为生态学、资源、环境等领域的交叉研究热点和区域可持续发展研究的重要工具;但由于生态承载力受众多因素和不同时空条件制约,相关研究工作尚处于起步阶段,没有形成完整的理论体系;现阶段,国内外研究大多集中于生态承载力评估方法上并没有揭示生态承载力的内在驱动机制.本文在综述生态承载力演变发展与概念内涵的基础上,重点介绍生态足迹法、生态系统生产力消耗占用法与生态系统服务与消耗法三种针对于生态承载力的评估方法,并从生态承载力驱动机制、阈值界定、综合评价体系构建、多生态要素耦合动态模型建立等方面阐述生态承载力未来研究热点与发展方向,以期为未来生态承载力的研究提供借鉴.
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