原中——正义理论的一条进路

摘要

In Chinese ancient political discourse, "Zhong" is an equivalent word for "justice" . The re- search on "Zhong" offers a way of understanding justice in Chinese political thought. "Zhong" is the fundamental principle and methodology of political governance which is highly valued and even becomes political testament on the date of leadership succession. As an inheritor and disseminator of traditional culture, the Confucian inherits guidance line of "Zhong" . By maintaining rites of the Zhou Dynasty, the Confucian upholds distributive justice. By inheriting and developing traditional people-oriented thought, the Confucian puts forward humaneness as inner spirit of rites to solve the problem of com- pensatory justice. Thus, the basic position and fundamental thought on political justice is constructed.%在中国古代政治语汇中，相当于“正义”一词的是“中”。对“中”的考察是了解中国古代政治正义思想的一条进路。“中”是政治的根本原则和宏观方法论，在古代政治生活中受到高度重视，甚至是政权交接时一再作为政治遗嘱传授和告诫的治国要领。儒家继承了传统政治文化，秉承了“中”的指导思想。儒家以维护周礼来维护“分配正义”，并从周礼中提炼出“仁”的精神，贯彻到解决“校正正义”的君民关系中，继承和发扬了古代政治传统中的民本思想，由此形成了中国政治正义的基本立场和基本思想。