Land surface evapotranspiration (ET) and its partitioning between evaporation (E) and transpiration (T) is a significant component of water and energy cycles at all scales,from field and watershed to regional and global,and is essential to many applications in climate,weather,hydrology,and ecology.The land surface ET and its components E and T can be produced conveniently at a range of spatial and temporal scales by combining the advanced remotely sensed data and its land surface products such as land surface temperature,leaf area index,and landcover,among others.This work aims to evaluate and summarize available remotely sensed models currently used to determine ET and components E and T.The remotely sensed-based model of land surface E and T has undergone several stages of development,including series and parallel energy balance models,spatial variability model,remote sensing and meteorological combination model,and data assimilation technology divided based on diverse model mechanisms.However,these models provide wide ranges of E and T,whose uncertainty may be limited by the unreasonable component temperatures partitioned from land surface temperature,parameterization of the stress factors of T from vegetation and E from soil surface,and uncertainty of the reproduced meteorological data as model input data.Future studies should improve model performance under heterogeneous surface and upscale the point or patch ground measurements of E and T to satellite pixel scale to validate remotely sensed model simulations.%地表蒸散发是土壤—植被—大气系统中能量和水循环的重要环节,它包括土壤、水体和植被表面的蒸发,以及植被蒸腾.随着地表参数多源遥感产品的快速发展,利用不同地表参数遥感产品估算地表蒸散发以及其组分土壤蒸发和植被蒸腾成为日常监测越来越便利,监测尺度已从单站扩展到田块、区域乃至全球.目前地表蒸散发双层遥感估算模型按照建模机理的不同可分为:系列模型、平行模型、基于特征空间的模型、结合传统方法的模型以及数据同化方法.本文从模型构建物理机制、模型驱动数据以及模型输出结果验证等方面总结了上述模型的发展历史和现状,并指出在模型结构与参数化方案的优化、高分辨率模型驱动数据的发展、土壤蒸发和植被蒸腾像元尺度“地面真值”的获取等方面都仍需进一步完善.
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