目的：研究远外侧入路的解剖标志和解剖参数,为术中保护重要结构提供解剖学依据。方法采用远外侧入路解剖成人头颅标本10具,在显微镜下对该入路涉及的肌肉、骨性结构、血管、神经进行解剖学观察和测量。结果前星点到星点的距离：左侧(21.68±1.88) mm,右侧(22.34±2.62) mm；前星点至乳突尖的距离：左侧(38.56±3.48) mm,右侧(39.14±2.24) mm；星点至颧弓根的距离：左侧(55.72±3.64) mm,右侧(56.16±2.72) mm。结论枕下三角和第2颈神经是寻找椎动脉的重要标志,前星点、星点、乳突尖和颧弓根可作为远外侧入路的骨性标志。%Objective To study the microsurgical anatomy marks and parameters for thefar lateral suboccipital approach and to protect the vital structure in operations. Methods Through the far lateral suboccipital approach, 10 adult cadveric heads were anatomized. Under the microscopy, the involving muscles, bony structures, vessels and nerves were observed and measured anatomically. Results The distance from asteria to asteria was (21. 68 ± 1. 88) mm on the left and (22. 34 ± 2. 62) mm on the right. The distance from anterior asteria to mas-toidale was (38. 56 ± 3. 48) mm on the left and (39. 14 ± 2. 24) mm on the right. The distance from asteria to root of zygoma was (55. 72 ± 3. 64) mm on the left and (56. 16 ± 2. 72) mm on the right. Conclusion The suboccipital triangle and C2 nerve were the significant marks which can identify the vertebral artery. The bone anatomic landmarks in the far lateral suboccipital approach included anterior asteria, aste-ria, mastoidale and root of zygoma. These marks contributed the successful implementation of the far lateral suboccipital approach surgery.
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