研究目的:气流流经列车时,由于大气来流、线下结构和地形条件等影响,列车所受风荷载不一定为横风情况(90°风向角).针对不同风向角下,风荷载作用下的列车通过典型铁路桥梁的动力问题,本文以20跨32 m高速铁路简支梁桥为背景,对不同风向角下桥上列车的气动特性进行风洞试验研究,并通过建立的基于刚柔耦合法的风-车-桥系统模型进行动力响应分析.研究结论:(1)随着风向角的减小,车辆的阻力系数逐渐减小;(2)随着风向角的减小,车辆的轮轴横向力、轮重减载率、脱轨系数和横向加速度动力响应值呈减小趋势;竖向加速度无明显变化规律,但在风向角为90°时竖向加速度最大;(3)横风情况时车辆的各动力响应值最大,行车最为不利;(4)本研究成果可为考虑复杂来流情况的风-车-桥耦合振动分析提供参考.%Research purposes:The wind loads on the trains are not always cross-wind condition (90° wind yaw angle) due to the effects of air incoming,line structures and terrain conditions.In order to investigate dynamic responses of trains on typical railway bridges under wind loads,coupling vibration analysis of different yaw angles cases on aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle on the high-speed railway bridge was conducted,and the dynamic responses of vehicle were analyzed based on the established wind-vehicle-bridge system model using rigid-flexible coupling method.A 20 spans of 32 meters high-speed railway simply supported beam bridge was taken as the research object.Research conclusions:(1) Drag coefficient of trains decreases with the decrease of wind yaw angle.(2) With the decrease of yaw angle,the lateral force,reduction rate of wheel load,derailment coefficient and lateral acceleration decline.The vertical acceleration has no obvious law,and value of vertical acceleration at the 90° wind yaw angle is the largest.(3) Under the cross-wind condition,each dynamic response is the largest,which leads to the most unfavorable situation for the train operation.(4) The research results can provide a reference for the coupling vibration analysis considering complex air incoming.
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