某院基层医院住院儿科呼吸系统疾病抗生素应用情况调查分析

摘要

目的：探讨2013至2014年我院住院儿童呼吸系统疾病抗生素应用情况。方法分别随机抽取2013至2014年我院儿童呼吸系统疾病病例数各500份。分别统计抗生素应用种类、应用频率、用药总量、实际用药天数、约定日剂量（DDD）、药物利用指数（DUI）等指标。结果药物利用指数（DUI）显示，2013年四种抗生素：青霉素钠、头孢唑啉钠、红霉素、阿奇霉素的DUI分别为2．50、1．34、1．18、1．25；2014年四种抗生素：青霉素钠、头孢曲松钠、红霉素、阿奇霉素的DUI分别为1．29、1．12、1．31、5．67。2013至2014年我院儿内科呼吸系统疾病住院患儿抗生素应用中，头孢三代的使用率最高；统计学结果显示2013年500例患儿抗生素应用共计770个，2014年为670个，呈降低趋势。2013年头孢一代、二代及大环内酯类药物使用率显著高于2014年度，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），2014年无头孢一类用药，头孢三代及青霉素用药率高于2013年，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），2013年住院患儿抗生素平均用量均显著高于2014年，对比差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。两年度统计的患儿用药时间比较，2014年青霉素用药时间显著高于2013年，对比差异显著（P＜0．05），其他类型抗生素用药时间以2013年显著较高（P＜0．05）。结论治疗住院儿童呼吸系统疾病，应根据实际情况合理使用抗生素。%Objective ToInvestigate and analyze the antibiotics application for hospitalized children with respiratory system disease in Yunfu City during 2013 and 2014.Methods Five hundred cases of children with respiratory diseases in our hospital ( hospitalized in our hospital during the year 2013 and 2014 ) were randomly selected respectively .For the antibiotics , the frequency of application , the total medication , the actual number of days of medication , agreed daily dose ( DDD ) , drug utilization index ( DUI ) and other indicators were calculated.Results In 2013, DUI offour antibiotics as penicillin sodium , cefazolin sodium, erythromycin, azithromycin were 2.50, 1.34, 1.18, 1.25, respectively.In 2014, DUI offour antibiotics those of penicillin sodium, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, azithromycin were 1.29, 1.12, 1.31, 5.67, respectively.The highest rates of applicationexistedin third generation cephalosporin .In 2013, totally 770 antibiotics were used for 500 children and in 2014 it was 670. The application frequency of first generationcephalosporin , second generation cephalosporin and macrocyclic lactone drugsin 2013 was significantly higher than that in the year 2014 ( P<0. 05).In 2014,the first generation cephalosporin was abandoned , the use of third generation cephalosporin and penicillin increased compared to 2013 ( P <0.05).The average doses of antibiotics in pediatric patients in hospital in 2013 were significantly higher than those in 2014 (P<0.05).The time of penicillin use in 2014 was significantly higher than that in 2013 (P<0.05), and the use time of other types of antibiotics were significantly higher in 2013 (P<0.05).Conclusions Rational use of antibiotics should be based on the actual situation .