172例重复违法精神障碍患者调查分析

摘要

目的：调查天津地区精神障碍患者重复违法的情况，探讨其重复违法的原因，为制定预防此类患者重复违法的措施提供依据。方法应用自制调查问卷，对2011—2014年经天津市司法精神病鉴定委员会司法鉴定为精神障碍且系重复违法的患者进行回顾性资料分析。结果172例重复违法精神障碍患者中，男性、青壮年、低文化程度、未婚、无业和农民居多，案件类型以故意伤害77例（44．8％）为主，精神障碍诊断占第一位的为精神分裂症83例（48．3％），责任能力评定以无责任能力75例（43．6％）为主。首次违法后未进入法律程序的占59．3％，进行司法精神病鉴定的仅12．2％。43．6％的患者从未接受过正规治疗，37．8％的患者无人监管。结论精神障碍患者易出现重复违法，可能与这些患者收入低、监管力度不严、就诊率低、社会支持差等因素有关。为防止精神障碍患者重复发生违法行为，建议加强精神卫生知识宣传、构建良好的精神疾病防治监管体系。%Objective To analyze the characteristics of recidivism in patients with mental disorders of Tianjin Area and to analyze the explanatory variables of recidivism, in order to provide references for preventing recidivism.Methods Using the self-designed questionnaire, 172 psychotic patients who had repeated crimes were appraised by Tianjin appraisement of forensic psychiatry committee from 2011 to 2014 and the data were collected and analyzed.Results In the majority of these cases, patients were male, junior high schoo1 or below diploma, unmarried,and jobless or farmers.Each patient broke law 3.68 times on average.The main crimes were intentional injury (44.8%) and murder(25.6%).The diagnoses of schizophrenia 83cases (48.3%) were in the majority.The assessment results were mostly irresponsibility 75 cases (43.6%).Among the patients, 43.6%of them didn't receive treatment while 37.8%of them were out of supervision.After the first crime, 59.3%of them didn't receive criminal prosecution while only 12.2%of them went through the appraisement of forensic psychiatry. Conclusions The risk of recidivism is higher in the study group.The rules, standards and procedure for obliged treatment should be established as soon as possible to ensure that a guardian fulfill his duties prevent patients with mental disorder from offending again.