山东省淄博市18岁及以上人群精神障碍流行病学调查

摘要

目的了解山东省淄博市≥18 岁人群的精神障碍流行病学现状.方法对2 839 名淄博市≥18 岁常住城乡居民进行扩展的一般健康问卷(GHQ-12) 筛查,对筛查出的人群采用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版轴I 障碍定式临床检查研究版(SCID-I /P) 进行精神障碍诊断.结果精神障碍总现患率为16. 38％,各类精神障碍的现患率从高到低依次是物质使用障碍(5. 14％) 、心境障碍(4. 86％) 、焦虑障碍(4. 05％) 、精神分裂症和其他精神病性障碍(1. 20％) 、痴呆(0. 85％) 、精神发育迟滞(0. 28％) .物质使用障碍现患率男性高于女性(P < 0. 01) ; 心境障碍、焦虑障碍现患率女性高于男性(P < 0. 01) ; 精神障碍总现患率男性高于女性(P < 0. 01) .结论淄博市精神障碍现患率较前有明显增长,精神卫生问题已经成为重要的公共卫生问题和突出的社会问题,需要引起社会关注.%Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of mental disorders in adults(age≥18) in Zibo city of Shandong province. Methods A total of 2 839 adults(age≥18) in Zibo city were screened with General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) ,and those who were screened out were diagnosed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version (SCID-I /P) . Results The overall prevalence of mental disorders was 16. 38％,and the sequence for prevalence of common mental disorders from high to low was substance use disorder(5. 14％) ,mood disorder(4. 86％) ,anxiety disorder(4. 05％) ,schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders(1. 20％) ,dementia(0. 85％) ,mental retardation(0. 28％) . The prevalence of substance use disorder in males was significantly higher than that in females(P < 0. 01) ; the prevalences of mood disorder and anxiety disorder in females were significantly higher than those in males(P < 0. 01) ; the prevalence of overall mental disorders in males was significantly higher than that in females(P < 0. 01) . Conclusion Prevalence of mental disorders in Zibo increases obviously compared with the data before,and mental health problems have become important public health problem and serious social problem,which is worthy of social attention.