山东省某市高中生自尊、人格、生活事件与学校适应的相关性研究

摘要

目的 探讨高中生自尊、人格、生活事件与其学校适应的相关性.方法 采用高中生学校适应量表(SSAHSS)、高中生自尊正式量表(SSHSS)、大五人格问卷(NEO-FFI)和中学生生活事件多维评定问卷(MLERQ)对1 229名高中生进行调查.结果 将高中生学校适应总分用临界比(critical ratio)的方法取前后27％得到学校适应高分组和低分组.学校适应高分组的SSHSS学业自尊、人际自尊和社会自尊维度评分高于学校适应低分组(P＜0.05);学校适应高分组的NEO-FFI外向性、开放性和严谨性维度评分高于学校适应低分组,神经质维度评分低于学校适应低分组(P＜0.05);学校适应高分组的MLERQ学校生活、同伴关系维度评分及总分低于学校适应低分组(P＜0.05).SSAHSS总分与SSHSS学业自尊、社会自尊维度评分呈正相关(P＜0.05),与NEO-FFI开放性、外向性和严谨性维度评分呈正相关(P＜0.05),与NEO-FFI神经质维度评分呈负相关(P＜0.05),与MLERQ各维度评分及总分呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 高中生的学校适应不良可能与其低自尊水平、高神经质人格和负性生活事件有关.%Objective To explore the relationship between self-esteem,personality,life events and school adjustment in senior high school students.Methods A total of 1 229 senior high school students were investigated with Scale of School Adjustment for High School Students (SSAHSS),Scale of Self-esteem for High School Students (SSHSS),Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Multidimensional Life Events Rating Questionnaire for Middle School Students (MLERQ).Results According to the scores of SSAHSS,the senior high school students were selected into two groups with the critical ratio,high school adjustment group and low school adjustment group.The academic self-esteem,interpersonal self-esteem and social self-esteem dimension scores of SSHSS in high school adjustment group were all significantly higher than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The extroversion,openness and caution dimension scores of NEO-FFI in high school adjustment group were all significantly higher than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05),and the neuroticism dimension score of NEO-FFI in high school adjustment group was significantly lower than that in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The peer relationship,school life dimension scores and total score of MLERQ in high school adjustment group were all significantly lower than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The total score of SSAHSS in all subjects were positively correlated to the academic self-esteem and social self-esteem dimension scores of SSHSS,as to the extroversion,caution and openness dimension scores of NEO-FFI(P ＜ 0.05),but negatively correlated to neuroticism dimension score of NEO-FFI,and all dimension scores and total score of MLERQ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion School maladjustment may be correlated to low self-esteem,high neuroticism personality and negative life events in the senior high school students.