下颌骨颏部正中骨折二维与三维坚强内固定的三维有限元研究

摘要

目的:用有限元法分析比较下颌骨颏部正中骨折小型钛板二维与三维坚强内固定的稳定性.方法:用ANSYS软件建立下颌骨颏部正中骨折坚强内固定模型,比较使用不同钛板数目、不同空间位置进行坚强内固定时各种工况下骨折段位移、骨折断层及接骨板固定钉的应力分布情况.结果:各种固定方法在各种功能咬合工况下,骨断端位移均小于0.15 mm,三维固定时骨折断端的位移均小于二维固定.各种固定时骨折断层和接骨板固定钉的应力分布均在允许值范围内.结论:下颌骨下缘下方骨面钛板加唇颊面钛板的三维固定方法在多数工况下优于传统二维内固定方式.%Objective: To compare the effects of two- and three-dimensional internal fixation of mandibular symphysis fracture using three-dimensional finite element method. Methods: ANSYS software was used to build three-dimensional finite element model of mandibular symphysis fracture and the two- and three-dimensional fixation for the fracture. The displacement of fractured fragments, stress distribution on the fracture fault and fixation pin were analysed on the model. Results: With various fixation methods under the occlusal conditions, the stress distribution was in the clinically acceptable range, the displacement of fractured fragments was less than 0.15 mm. Three-dimensional fixation resulted in less displacement. Conclusion: Three-dimensional fixation is superior to two-dmensional fixation for the immobilization of mandibular symphysis fracture.