体育人类学研究对象的认识过程大致以2000年为界：之前是“民族体育”，之后是“原生态身体运动”。体育人类学研究对象具有4个变化特征：从整体到局部；从逻辑演绎到实证研究；从隐喻到凸显；从理论到实践。体育人类学学科研究对象应该是“杀鬼的原生态身体运动”，而与音乐人类学、舞蹈人类学和杂技人类学等学科研究对象的“通神的原生态身体运动”、“娱神的原生态身体运动”和“收魂的原生态身体运动”区隔开来。体育人类学具体研究对象也应该在两方面得到独立：一方面是杀鬼的原生态身体运动与其他文化之间的相互关系；另一方面是杀鬼的原生态身体运动与体育文化之间的相互关系；前者带有主观的人文性质，后者带有客观的科学性质。%The process of cognition of the research object of sports anthropology is roughly bounded by the year 2000: it was “national sports” before that year, or “primitive ecological body movement” after that year. The re-search object of sports anthropology has 4 characteristics of changing:from whole to local, from deductive to em-pirical, from metaphorical to prominent, from theoretical to practical. The research object of sports anthropology should be“ghost-killing primitive ecological body movement”, differentiated from“god-communicating primitive ecological body movement”,“god-entertaining primitive ecological body movement”and“soul-capturing primitive ecological body movement” as the research objects of music anthropology, dance anthropology and acrobatic an-thropology. During specific research, the research object of sports anthropology should be independent in two as-pects:one is the mutual relation between ghost-killing primitive ecological body movement and other culture, the other one is the mutual relation between ghost-killing primitive ecological body movement and sports culture;the former has subjective humanistic nature, while the latter has objective scientific nature.
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