口腔颌面-头颈恶性肿瘤治疗的新策略：放疗联合个体化靶向治疗

摘要

抗肿瘤靶向治疗是通过阻断癌细胞上与恶性程度（包括侵袭性、复发转移、生存率下降等）密切相关的特定分子靶点来抗癌的新技术。利用靶向药物减低肿瘤细胞增殖并提高放射敏感性,与放疗联合应用，有可能成为口腔颌面-头颈恶性肿瘤治疗新策略。目前已研制成功并开始在临床应用的分子靶向药物有表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor， EGFR）和血管内皮生长因子受体（vascular endothelial growth factor receptor，VFGFR）的抑制剂。利用分子诊断基因芯片检测肿瘤相关基因表达，可以制定出疗效更好的放疗联合个体化靶向治疗方案，来治疗口腔颌面-头颈恶性肿瘤。%Targeting cancer therapy is the new technique using molecular drugs selectively to block specific molecular target in tumor cells that related closely to malignant degree of tumor cell, including invasiveness, recurrence, metastasis and decreased survival rate, etc. Targeting therapy can potentially reduce tumor cell proliferation, progression, and increase radiosensitivity. Meanwhile, radiotherapy combined with targeting therapy should lead to new therapeutic strategies of oral and maxillofacial-head and neck carcinoma. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors that specially anti EGFR overexpression and angiogenesis inhibitors that effects on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VFGFR) have been successfully developed and began their clinical application for oral and maxillofacial-head and neck carcinomas. The use of molecular diagnostic microarray for cancer related gene expression will be able to make a combining radiation and individualized targeting therapy to increase treatment effectiveness.