论贿赂罪的职务关联性

摘要

我国贿赂罪中“利用职务上的便利”与“为他人谋取利益”均不是实行行为，而是表明财物与职务之间存在对价关系的要素，相当于国外贿赂罪中的“有关其职务”，即职务关联性是成立贿赂罪的必备条件。相对于纯粹性说，信赖保护说更能合理说明感情投资等现实问题。转职者若就过去的职务行为收受财物，就难免会在将来实施职务行为时抱有获得不正当报酬的期待，而具备职务关联性；离职者若在职时没有关于贿赂的要求或者约定，则因缺乏职务关联性，在现有立法框架下只能宣告无罪；收受作为“感情投资”的财物者，其将来实施的职务行为就有被置于贿赂的影响之下，从而损害职务行为的公正性的危险，因而具有职务关联性，应该且能够作为贿赂罪处罚。%In China's bribery crime ,neither “taking advantage of duty” nor “seeking benefits for oth-ers” is the implementation behavior of bribery .Both of them indicate that bribery money and position are the relationship of consideration ,w hich is similar to “duty-related” bribery in foreign countries ,meaning that the correlation with duty is the requirement of bribery .Compared with the Theory of Purity ,the Theory of Protecting Trust could legitimately solve many practical problems such as emotional investment . If a person takes bribes in his previous position ,after changing the position he would expect improper pay-ments in the future ,which indicates the correlation with duty .If he does not ask for bribes while holding a post ,he will not be convicted for lack of the correlation with duty .If he takes bribes as emotional invest-ment ,he may implement his duty improperly under the influence of the bribery ,and hence endangering the impartiality of his position .So he could be convicted as bribery because the correlation with duty exists .