149名永久起搏器植入术后24 h内患者家属需求及影响因素分析

摘要

目的了解植入永久起搏器术后24 h内的患者家属的需求，为该特殊人群的护理提供科学依据，为改进医院护理管理和提高护理质量提供参考依据。方法选取149名植入永久起搏器术后24 h内的患者家属为调查对象，采用家属一般情况调查表和危重患者家属需求量表进行调查，包括病情保证、获取信息、接近患者、获得支持和自身舒适5个维度的需求。结果植入永久起搏器的患者家属最重要的需求是病情保证的需求（3.44±0.33）分，其次为接近患者的需求（3.08±0.34）分，获取信息的需求（3.00±0.37）分，自身舒适的需求（2.38±0.50）分和获得支持的需求（2.34±0.43）分。多元回归分析（stepwise法）结果显示家庭月收入是患者家属的总体需求、接近患者需求及获得支持需求的影响因素（P<0.01）；此外，患者有无起搏器植入的经历为家属自身舒适需求的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论心律失常中心护士应理解和重视植入永久起搏器术后24 h患者家属的不同需求，针对每位家属实行个体化护理，使其更好配合患者的治疗护理，促进患者康复。%Objective To explore the needs of family-members of patients with implantation of permanent pacemaker within 24 h. Methods With Critical Cases Family-members Needs Inventory (CCFNI) and a general information questionnaire, 149 family-members of patients with implantation of permanent pacemaker were investigated. Results The most important needs was the assurance of patient’s condition (3.44±0.33), and then the needs of getting close to patients (3.08±0.34), treatment information (3.00± 0.37), self comfort (2.38±0.50) and support acquisition (2.34±0.43). Multiple regression analyses indicated that family income was the influencing factor of total needs, getting close to patients and support acquisition (P<0.01). And whether patients experienced implantation of pacemaker or not was the influencing factor of self comfort (P<0.05). Conclusion Nurses should make efforts to satisfy different family-members’ needs and improve quality of nursing.