西安某医学院741名大学生灾难应对知识与技能现状及应对教育研究

摘要

Objective To explore the status quo of medical college students ’ disaster knowledge and skills and to provide reference for disaster response knowledge and skill education. Methods A self-designed general information questionnaire and disaster re-sponse questionnaire were applied to survey 741 medical students. ResuIts Medical students lacked knowledge of disaster response and the pass rate in disaster response knowledge and skills test was 50.5%. The total score and the pass rate showed no statistical sig-nificance of students with different gender, experience of disaster, parents ’ educational background, permanent residence, disaster ed-ucation in school and family, family income(P>0.05). Students in different grades showed statistical significance in disaster response knowledge and skills (P<0.05) and the total score and pass rate of sophomores and junior were higher than those of freshmen and se-niors. ConcIusion There is a long distance to improve medical students ’ disaster response knowledge and skills. Various kinds of disaster response education such as elective disaster response course should be implemented to improve students ’ knowledge and skills.%目的：了解医学院校大学生灾难应对知识与技能的获取途径、掌握现状及学习需求，探讨对其进行灾难相关知识教育的意义及实施方法，为医学院校开展灾难应对教育提供参考依据。方法采用一般情况调查表、灾难应对方式问卷，对西安医学院741名医学生进行问卷调查。结果医学生灾难应对知识掌握情况较差，灾难应对知识与技能总分及格率为50.5%。测试总分及格率在性别、灾难经历、父母文化程度、户籍所在地、学校灾难教育、家庭灾难教育、家庭月收入等方面的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），在不同年级方面差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），且大二、大三学生总分及格率显著高于大一和大四学生。结论我国目前医学院校灾难教育内容方面尚不够完善；医学院校大学生灾难应对知识与技能水平有待提高，医学院校可以开展多种形式（选修课、网络、讲座、电视节目、模拟演练等）普及大学生灾难应对知识与技能，以提高大学生的自救和互救能力。