Objective To investigate the relationship between leadership style and leadership behavior of head nurses. Methods Totaly nurses directed by 198 head nurses from 4 3A - level comprehensive hospitals in Shijiazhuang were investigated with questionnaires of nurse leadership style scale and hospital leadership behavior assessment scale. Results Nurses’perceptions on leadership style of head nurses were mostly transactional,head nurses leadership behaviors were less optimistic. The transformational leadership style of head nurses had a positively correlation on leadership behaviors(P ﹤ 0. 01). Conclusion Transac-tional and transformational leadership have positive influence on head nurses’ leadership behaviors,while transformational leadership is better than transactional leadership overall. The improvement of head nurses’ leadership style may effectively improve their leadership behavior.%目的：探讨护士长领导方式与其领导行为之间的关系。方法运用多元领导风格量表、医院领导行为评估量表对石家庄市4所三级甲等综合医院198名护士长所在科室的925名护士进行问卷调查。结果护士感知的护士长交易型领导方式较多，护士长领导行为并不乐观；护士长变革型领导方式对其领导行为具有积极正向的影响（P ﹤0.01）。结论交易型领导方式、变革型领导方式对护士长领导行为均具有积极的影响，但是变革型领导方式在整体上要优于交易型领导方式，改善护士长领导方式，能够有效提高其领导行为。
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