基于德尔菲法编制精神病医院医患关系影响因素问卷的研究

摘要

目的 编制适合精神病医院使用的医患关系影响因素调查问卷,并检验其信效度.方法 通过查阅国内外文献、半结构式访谈编制问卷条目池.在此基础上采用目的性抽样的方法选取16名经验丰富的专家作为咨询对象,采用德尔菲法进行两轮专家咨询,统计分析每轮专家意见的集中程度(用均数来反映)、协调程度(变异系数来反映)、权威程度(权威系数来反映)、积极系数(用应答率来反映),形成问卷初稿.采用问卷调查法,检验问卷的信效度.结果 两轮专家函询,专家的积极系数均为100％(16/16);专家的权威系数为0.855.两轮专家函询后,专家意见集中程度为4.19～4.88;专家意见协调程度为6.90％～16.44％;共删除8个条目,增加4个条目,最终调查问卷包括环境因素(9个条目)、医护人员因素(12个条目)、患方因素(9个条目)3个维度,共30个条目.问卷的Cronbach's α系数为0.832,问卷的内容效度(CVI)为0.993.结论 本研究的专家权威程度较高,研究结果可信.该问卷具有较好的信效度,可用于精神病医院医患关系影响因素的调查.%Objective To develop a influencing-factor questionnaire on the relationship between doctors and patients suitable for psychiatric hospitals,and test its reliability and validity.Method The questionnaire entry pool was compiled by using domestic,foreign literature review and semi-structured interviews.16 experienced experts were selected by using the method of purposive sampling,and two rounds of expert consultation were conducted by use of the Delphi method,and the concentration degree (reflected by mean),coordination degree (reflected by coefficient of variation),the degree of authority (reflected by coefficient of authority),positive coefficient (reflected by responsive rate) of every round's experts' views were statistically analyzed,as a result,the draft of the questionnaire was formed.Finally,the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested based on the result of the survey with the questionnaire.Result Two rounds of expert consultation showed that the expert's positive coefficient was 100％ (16/16),and the authority coefficient was 0.855.After the two rounds of the expert's consultation,the degree of the experts' concentration degree was 4.19～4.88,the experts' coordination degree from 6.90 ％ to 16.44 ％;8 items were excluded,and 4 items were added.The final version of questionnaire was composed of 3 dimensions including the environmental factors (9 items),staff factors (12 items) and patient factors (9 items),a total of 30 items.The Cronbach's a coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.832,and the content validity of the questionnaire (CVI) was 0.993.Conclusion The expert authority of this study is higher and the research results are credible.The questionnaire has good reliability and validity,which can be used to investigate the influencing factors of the doctor-patient relationship in psychiatric hospitals.