太阳窗口抑制空间激光通信天线在轨热致温度场扰动研究

摘要

空间激光通信光学天线对温度场的稳定性和均匀性要求甚高,GEO星载激光通信,受剧烈交变的太阳外热流影响,引起星外光学天线在轨温度场热扰动失稳而缩减光通信时间.为此提出"太阳窗"作为太阳光谱滤光装置屏蔽太阳辐射,结合光学天线系统热设计,基于热仿真分析研究太阳窗抑制光学天线温度场热扰动效能.研究结果表明,基于太阳窗的光学天线系统热控优化设计,抑制光学天线温度场热致扰动效果显著:主镜温度场稳定性提高2.2倍,次镜温度场稳定性提高10.6倍,主镜与次镜温度场均匀性提高约10倍,符合光通信天线温度场稳定性与均匀性指标要求的时长可达24 h/d,是不采用太阳窗方案的3倍以上.%Space laser communication optical antenna has a strict requirement of temperature stability and uniformity.For GEO satellite-borne laser communication, the in-orbit temperature field of the outside optical antenna is unstable because of the variable orbital heat flux.Thus, the effective operation time length of the antenna is shortened.In order to shield the orbital heat flux, a solar window and the thermal control design of optical antenna based on the solar window are proposed.In this paper, the depression effect of solar window on thermal-induced temperature disturbance for optical antenna is studied based on thermal analysis simulation.It is indicated that the temperature disturbance of optical antenna is depressed obviously by using the optimization thermal control design of optical antenna based on solar window.The temperature field stability is improved by 2.2 times for primary mirror and 10.6 times for secondary mirror.The temperature field uniformity between the primary mirror and secondary mirror is increased by about 10 times.The effective operation time length of the antenna can reach 24 hours per day, which is triple that of the case without solar window.