一种空间太阳望远镜光学窗口在轨热设计∗

摘要

The complex space environment will influence the space solar telescope during its in-orbit operation, and the imaging quality of optical system which behind the telescope will be affected directly by the temperature change of the optical window. The purpose of the thermal design is to ensure that all the parts of the optical window keep their temperature in a normal range, what is more, is able to keep the telescope in the working condition rapidly and complete the operation of the whole cycle after the earth shadow is ended. In order to obtain the temperature distribution and the variation tendency of the window under the space thermal load in the whole cycle, steady state simulation analysis and transient state simulation analysis of the window with and without heating during the earth shadow are needed. A good thermal control result is obtained via comparing the two kinds of transient state simulation analysis results of the temperature distribution, and the appropriate thermal control measures are applied to the window.%空间太阳望远镜在轨运行中，会受到复杂的空间环境影响，光学窗口的温度变化将会直接影响后面光学系统成像质量。热设计的目的就是为了保证光学窗口的各部分保持在各自正常温度范围内，更重要的是能够使望远镜在地影结束后迅速进入到工作状态，完成整个周期运行。为了得到窗口在空间热载荷下整个周期内的温度分布和变化趋势，需要对窗口稳态及地影状态中有无加热两种瞬态进行仿真分析。通过对比两种瞬态温度分布的仿真结果，对窗口采取相应热控措施，取得了较好的热控效果。