多糖对烟草花叶病毒（TMV）的抑制作用研究

摘要

【Objective】 This study aimed to filter out the polysaccharides that can inhibit tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) effectively.【Method】 The inhibiting effects and effects to tobacco growth of 12 polysaccharides to TMV on Nitcotiana tabacum var.Samsun NN were detected by half leaf method.The 12 kinds of polysaccharides were Coriolus versicolor polysaccharide(CVP),Velutipes polysaccharide,Agaricus BlazeiMurill polysaccharide,Eryngii polysaccharide,Bisporus polysaccharide,Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides,Polyporus polysaccharide,Armillaria polysaccharides,Auricularia auricular polysaccharides,Cordyceps polysaccharide,Birch velvet polysaccharides and Ostreatus polysaccharide.【Result】 It was confirmed that Coriolus versicolor polysaccharide,Polyporus polysaccharide,Armillaria polysaccharides and Cordyceps polysaccharide had very good deactivating and preventing effects on TMV.The inhibition effects of CVP that was inoculated after being treated for 48 h reached 92.12%.CVP improved the growth of tobacco.Fresh weight of plants above ground and maximum leaf area of tobacco seedlings dealt with 1 g/L CVP increased by 30.98% and 19.74%,respectively.The field plot experiments showed that the NC-89 treated with CVP had robust and neat plants,dark green and smooth leaves and the plant height,stem circumference,yield and the ratio of superior tobacco all increased.With the treatment of 1 g/L CVP,the area of top of plants,stem circumference,and the ratio of superior tobacco increased by 9.88%,13.51% and 17.20%,respectively.【Conclusion】 CVP can effectively inhibit TMV,promote seedling growth,and increase the yield and quality of tobacco.%【目的】筛选对烟草花叶病毒（TMV）有良好抑制作用的多糖。【方法】采用半叶法,测定了云芝、金针菇、姬松、杏鲍菇、双孢蘑菇、灵芝、猪苓菌、蜜环菌、黑木耳、虫草、白桦茸和平菇等12种真菌多糖在枯斑三生烟（Nitcotiana tabacumvar.Samsun NN）上对TMV的抑制作用,并测定了其对烟草（普通烟NC-89）生长的影响。【结果】云芝多糖、猪苓菌多糖、虫草多糖和蜜环菌多糖对TMV均有较好的抑制效果,其中1g/L云芝多糖对TMV具有良好的预防作用,提前48h多糖处理的预防效果高达92.12%。云芝多糖对烟草具有促生作用,1g/L云芝多糖处理烟苗的地上部鲜质量和最大叶面积增效最为显著,分别较对照提高30.98%和19.74%。田间小区试验表明,经云芝多糖处理后,NC-89烟株健壮整齐,烟叶浓绿光滑,茎围、最顶部叶片面积、产量及上中等烟比例均有所增加,其中1g/L云芝多糖处理烟株的最顶部叶面积、茎围和上中等烟比例分别较对照增加13.51%,9.88%和17.20%。【结论】云芝多糖能有效抑制TMV,并可促进烟苗生长,提高烟叶产量及品质。