后学院时代科学共同体道德共识探析

摘要

In the post-academic age,the scientific community is deeply rooted in the network of social practices,challenging the spirit of science under the Merton paradigm.The main body of the scientific community is prone to instrumental rationality while withdrawing from value rationality.The independent spirit of science tends to weaken and the awareness of social responsibility is lacking,which lead to the crisis of scientific ethics.In the post-academic age,a possible way out of the crisis of scientific ethics lies in integrating the independent spirit and social value of science,actively promoting the interaction between the main body of the scientific field and the social field,and carrying out moral negotiations among the subjects in different contexts based on communicative practice so as to enhance the social responsibility awareness and facilitate the moral consensus in the scientific community.%在后学院时代，科学共同体深嵌于社会实践之网，默顿范式下的科学精神气质受到了挑战。科学共同体的主体自主性倾向于工具理性而价值理性退缩，科学独立自主精神弱化，同时也出现了社会责任意识的缺失，致使科学道德产生危机。在后学院时代如能追求科学自主独立精神与社会价值理性相结合，积极促成科学场域与社会场域的主体间互动，在交往实践的基础上，进行不同语境下主体间的道德商谈，则能够增强科学共同体的社会责任意识，进而促成科学共同体的道德共识，这是走出科学道德危机的一种可能路径。