宁夏地区女性乳腺癌危险因素的病例对照研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the risk factors of breast cancer in Ningxia areas and to provide scientific basis for prevention of breast cancer. Methods With 1: 1 matched case - control study, a survey was conducted among cases of histologicallly diagnosed breast cancer patients and controls without tumors in surgical department of Ningxia medical university general hospital from May,2010 to May,2011. Conditional Logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk of breast cancer. Results Multiple factors analysis showed the risk factors of breast cancer were the history of benign breast disease ( OR = 10. 078 ,95% CI = 2. 873 ~ 35. 355 ) ,long interval between menarche and primiparity ( OR = 2. 552,95% CI = 1. 259 ~ 5. 173 ) , A - type personality ( OR - 1. 932 ,95% CI - 1. 060 ~ 3523 ) . The protective factors of breast cancer was take soybean food frequently (OR=0. 399,95% CI = 0.217 ~ 0.733). Conclusion The risk factors for breast cancer in Ningxia areas are related to physiology, diet and psychology. The incidence of breast cancer may be lowered by enhancing the physical education of breast cancer, initiating a healthy life style and focusing prevention on high risk group.%目的 探索宁夏地区女性乳腺癌的危险因素,为乳腺癌防治提供依据.方法 采用1∶1配比病例对照研究,对2010年5月-2011年5月在宁夏医科大学总医院经病理确诊的女性乳腺癌患者(107例)及同期入院的外科非肿瘤女性患者(107例)进行调查,用条件Logistic回归模型筛选乳腺癌危险因素.结果 多因素分析显示:乳腺良性疾病史(OR=10.078,95%CI=2.873~35.355)、初潮初产间隔时间长(OR=2.552,95%CI = 1.259~5.173)、A型性格(OR=1.932,95%CI=1.060~3.523)为乳腺癌的危险因素,经常食用豆类食品(OR=0.399,95%CI= 0.217~0.733)为保护性因素.结论 宁夏地区女性乳腺癌与生理、饮食、心理因素有关.加强预防乳腺癌的健康教育,倡导健康的生活方式,并针对高危人群重点防治,可能减少乳腺癌的发生.