一种基于冲突解析的水声网络ALOHA协议

摘要

不同于传统的无线电信道,水声信道具有高时延和窄带宽的特点,且网络节点间的时间同步十分困难.因此,传统的无线电网络MAC协议无法直接应用于水声环境.经典的水声网络MAC协议,其设计思想为通过调度或竞争的手段,减小数据包冲突概率.随着信号处理技术的进步,网络节点对冲突数据包的解析能力得到增强.在此基础上,对ALOHA协议进行了改进,提出了冲突容忍的CT-ALOHA协议,使冲突数据包的解析效率更高,从而提高网络的吞吐量,减小丢包率.该协议无需握手和同步,且不受水声环境中传播延迟的影响,通过对发送数据包进行优化编码,使冲突数据包得以高效解析.仿真结果表明,CT-ALOHA协议较传统ALOHA协议在最大吞吐量和丢包率等性能上表现更优.%Different from traditional radio channel,underwater acoustic channel has the characteristics of high propagation delay and narrow bandwidth,and the time synchronization among network nodes is very difficult.Therefore,MAC protocols of the traditional radio network can not be directly applied to underwater environment.The design idea of Classic underwater MAC protocols is reducing packet collision probability by scheduling or competition means.With the progress of signal processing technology,the resolution ability of conflict packets is enhanced.On this basis,the paper proposes the CT-ALOHA protocol,which can tolerate the conflict,based on ALOHA protocol.And it can improve the resolution efficiency of collision data packet,so as to improve the network throughput and reduce packet loss rate.The protocol does not need handshake and synchronization,and is not affected by the propagation delay in underwater acoustic environment.Simulation results show that CT-ALOHA protocol performs better than traditional ALOHA protocol in maximum throughput and packet loss rate.