铝合金2 A16板材成形极限研究

摘要

This research aimed to learn the changing law of formability of aluminum alloy under warm/hot environ-ment. In this research, the FLD test by a method combined of rigid punch bulging and hydraulic bulging was conducted, then the prediction model of forming limit was established using the least square method. The results showed that the frac-ture points were on or near the top of the specimens, the grids remained small under the room temperature while they be-came bigger and longer under 210 ℃ and 300 ℃, indicating the temperature had huge influence on the formability of alu-minum alloy 2A16 that the curve of forming limit was shifted upward with the increase of temperature. The compound bul-ging method for test had high reliability and accuracy which revealed that aluminum alloy 2A16 had greater formability un-der high temperatures. The prediction model well described the relationship between the limit stain and the temperature, and FLD can be quickly gained using this prediction model.%目的：掌握硬铝合金在温热条件下的成形性能变化规律。方法采用结合半球凸模胀形和椭圆液压胀形的复合试验法进行了FLD试验，用最小二乘法拟合试验数据，建立了成形极限预测模型。结果试样均在凸模顶端或附近发生破裂，在室温下网格保持较小的圆形，在210益和300益下网格被不同程度的拉长和变大，温度对铝合金2 A16的成形性能影响很大，随温度升高，成形极限曲线上移。结论复合胀形试验法具有较高的可靠性与准确性；铝合金2 A16在高温下成形性能更好；预测模型较好地表述了极限应变值与温度的关系，根据模型可快速得出FLD。