短期高强度间歇运动训练对青年男性有氧耐力和无氧耐力的影响

摘要

Objective:To investigate the effects of HIIT on aerobic and anaerobic endurance in young man. Methods:Before operation,30 subjects underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test( CEPT) with incremental protocol to measure the peak power( PP) . Then the 30 subjects were randomly divided into high-intensity ( 95%of PP ) interval training group ( n =10 ) , moderate-intensity ( 75%of PP ) training group ( n = 10 ) and low-intensity ( 50% of PP ) training group( n=10 ) . HIIT performed by the mode of one mi-nutes training separated by one minute of rest, MIT and LIT accepted persistent training under set intensity,every group lasted 30 minutes each time. Before and after train-ing,all patients received cardiopulmonary exercise testing ( CPET) and Wingate test to assess their aerobic and an-aerobic endurance. Results:before training, three groups of subjects had no significantly difference ( p>0. 05 ) in-VO2 peak、anaerobic threshold ( AT )、peak power ( PP )、power drop ( PD )、average power ( AP );after training, there were significant differences(p <0. 05)in VO2peak and AT in three groups,and HIIT is the most significant;but there were significant differences ( p <0. 05 ) in AP, DP and PP only in HIIT. Conclusion:Short term of HIIT, MIT and LIT can improve the aerobic endurance,howev-er, only HIIT has significant influence on anaerobic en-durance.%目的：：探讨短期的不同强度运动训练对青年男性有氧耐力和无氧耐力的影响。方法：将30名符合纳入标准的青年男性志愿者进行运动心肺测试测得峰值功率等数据,并且随机分为高强度间歇运动训练组( HIIT组)、中等强度持续训练组( MIT组)、低强度持续训练组( LIT 组)。 HIIT 组取峰值功率的95%,以1min运动1min休息的形式进行,MIT组和LIT组分别取峰值功率的75%和50%,以持续运动的方式进行,所有受试者每次训练30min,隔日1次,共进行6周。对受试者训练前后有氧耐力指标最大摄氧量(VO2max)、无氧阈(AT)和无氧耐力指标最高无氧动力(PP)、无氧功率递减率(PD)、平均无氧动力(AP)进行测量对比。结果：训练后,三组受试者VO2 max和AT较训练前均有显著增加( P <0．05), HIIT 组最明显,其次为MIT 组,最后为LIT 组；仅 HIIT 组 PP、PD和AP有明显提高。结论：短期的高强度间歇训练和中低强度的持续训练均能提高青年男性的有氧运动能力,高强度间歇训练的效应更加显著,并且高强度间歇训练对无氧运动能力的也有明显的提升效果。