麻醉科阿片类镇痛药物应用分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the application of opioid analgesics in Anesthesiology Department in the hospital and explore the rationality of narcotic drugs in recent years. Methods The opioid analgesics (dezocine hydrochloride,morphine hy-drochloride,pethidine hydrochloride,remifentanil,sufentanil,fentanyl) were collected and analyzed from drugs integrated query system and medicines information sites from 2011 to 2013,including drug name,size,drug dosage,amount of medication,per capita cost of medication and so on. Results In recent 3 years,except for the decrease of pethidine hydrochloride,the amount of medication and per capita cost of medication and defined daily dose system(DDDs) score,the other opioid analgesics(dezocine hydrochloride,morphine hydrochloride,remifentanil,sufentanil,fentanyl) were increased significantly. The annual increase of dezocine usage amount and per capita amount were maximum. While the DDDs score of fentanyl(0.5 mg) was highest. Conclu-sion With high intraoperative and postoperative requirements on efficacy and low toxicity of analgesics ,the application of new o-pioid analgesics in Anesthesiology Department has increased and been reasonable gradually. But the cost of new opioid analgesics is worthy of concern.%目的：分析近年来该院麻醉科阿片类镇痛药物的应用动态，探讨麻醉用药的合理性。方法利用药品综合查询系统和药品信息网站，收集并分析该院2011～2013年阿片类镇痛药物（地佐辛、盐酸吗啡、盐酸哌替啶、雷米芬太尼、舒芬太尼、芬太尼）的药品名称、规格、用量、人均用药金额等。结果除盐酸哌替啶使用量、使用金额及用药频度（DDDs）值逐年下降外，其余阿片类镇痛药物（地佐辛、盐酸吗啡、雷米芬太尼、舒芬太尼、芬太尼）近3年使用量、人均使用金额、DDDs值均显著上升。其中地佐辛每年使用量、人均使用金额最高，DDDs值的年增加倍数最大；而芬太尼（0.5 mg×1支）DDDs值最高。结论随着患者对术中、术后镇痛效果及低不良反应的要求提高，新型阿片类镇痛药物在麻醉科的应用日益增加，使用逐渐趋于合理，但新型阿片类镇痛药物的费用值得关注。