切削载荷下数控机床误差分析及补偿方法研究

摘要

针对切削载荷对数控机床造成的动态误差,将在线检测和补偿技术应用到数控机床动态误差消除中.通过建立数控机床主轴系统的动力学模型,开展切削载荷下动态误差机理分析,建立了切削载荷跟动态误差之间的关系,提出了基于动态误差的非接触式在线检测和软件补偿方法.在该方法的基础上建立了基于在线检测的误差补偿系统,并利用该系统进行了动态误差检测和补偿的实验.研究结果表明,该补偿系统简单、可靠性高,有效地提高了机床的加工精度.%In order to decrease the motion errors of NC machine tools under cutting loads, the on-line measurement technology and compensation method were investigated.the mechanism of motion errors under cutting loads was analyzed by setting up a dynamic model of spindle system.The linear relation between the cutting loads and the motion errors was established.A on-line measurement and compensation system was presented.The on-line measurement and compensation system were tested.The experimental results show that the compensated system can decrease the motion errors of NC machine tools.